Tuesday, March 04, 2025

Mysterious X-ray Signal in Dying Star Points to Destroyed Planet

Mysterious X-ray Signal in Dying Star Points to Destroyed Planet | NASA Chandra

After tracking a puzzling X-ray signal from a dying star for decades, astronomers may have finally explained its source—the old star might have destroyed a nearby planet.

Dating back to 1980, X-ray missions have picked up an unusual reading from the center of the Helix Nebula. Using today’s most powerful X-ray missions, NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory and the European Space Agency’s XMM-Newton, they now have a much clearer picture of this decades-long enigma.

The Helix Nebula is a so-called planetary nebula, where a late-game stage of a star has ejected its outer layers of gas and left behind a dimmer and smaller ember of a star known as a white dwarf.

In previous decades, the Einstein X-ray Observatory and ROSAT telescopes detected highly energetic X-rays coming from the white dwarf at the center of the Helix Nebula named WD 2226-210, located only 650 light-years from Earth. White dwarfs like WD 2226-210 do not typically give off strong X-rays.

A new study featuring the data from Chandra and XMM-Newton may finally have settled the question of what is causing these X-rays from WD 2226-210. A team of astronomers thinks this X-ray signal could be from planetary debris pulled onto the white dwarf, as the death knell from a planet that was destroyed by the white dwarf in the Helix Nebula.

Previously scientists determined that a Neptune-sized planet is in a very close orbit around the white dwarf—completing one revolution in less than three days. The researchers in this latest study conclude that there could have been a planet like Jupiter even closer to the star.

The besieged planet could have initially been a considerable distance from the white dwarf but then migrated inwards by interacting with the gravity of other planets in the system. Once it approached close enough to the white dwarf the gravity of the star would have partially or completely torn the planet apart.

The mysterious signal astronomers have been seeing could be caused by the debris from the shattered planet falling onto the white dwarf’s surface that is being heated to glow in X-rays. If this result is confirmed, it would be the first case of a planet seen to be destroyed by the central star in a planetary nebula.


Video Credit: NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory
Duration: 2 minutes, 44 seconds
Release Date: March 4, 2025

#NASA #Space #Astronomy #Science #Nebulae #PlanetaryNebula #HelixNebula #Star #WD2226210 #WhiteDwarf #Planet #Aquarius #Constellation #Universe #NASAChandra #ChandraObservatory #XrayAstronomy #MSFC #XMMNewton #SpaceTelescopes #ESA #Europe #UnitedStates #STEM #Education #HD #Video

Hubble Finds Possible Triple System 3.7 Billion Miles Away in the Kuiper Belt

Hubble Finds Possible Triple System 3.7 Billion Miles Away in the Kuiper Belt

 

Today, we dive into the mysteries of the Kuiper Belt, home to thousands of icy remnants from the early solar system. Among these objects, scientists have cataloged over 3,000, yet they estimate there could be hundreds of thousands more, each spanning more than 10 miles in diameter, with Pluto being the most famous.

Recent research using data from the Keck Observatory in Hawaii and NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope has revealed a potential three-body system in the Kuiper Belt, known as the Altjira system. This discovery challenges traditional collision theories by suggesting that these triple systems might form directly from the gravitational collapse of material in the early solar disk.

The Altjira system, located roughly 3.7 billion miles away, demonstrates how even the most distant and faint objects can yield groundbreaking insights when observed over decades. Join us as we explore how these long-term observations are reshaping our understanding of the solar system’s formation and evolution.

Press Release: "NASA's Hubble Finds Kuiper Belt Duo May Be Trio" https://www.stsci.edu/contents/news-releases/2025/news-2025-007.html

Science paper "Beyond Point Masses. IV. Trans-Neptunian Object Altjira Is Likely a Hierarchical Triple Discovered through Non-Keplerian Motion":
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/PSJ/ad864d


Video Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center 

Paul Morris: Lead Producer
Duration: 2 minutes, 21 seconds
Release Date: March 4, 2025


#NASA #Astronomy #Space #Science #HubbleSpaceTelescope #HST #KeckObservatory #KuiperBelt #KuiperBeltObjects #KBO #AltjiraSystem #SolarSystem #SpaceExploration #ESA #Europe #GSFC #STScI #UnitedStates #STEM #Education #HD #Video

Athena Lunar Lander: South Pole Moon Views | IM-2 Mission | Intuitive Machines

Athena Lunar Lander: South Pole Moon Views IM-2 Mission | Intuitive Machines

This image sequence from 0 seconds to 20 seconds is from a public affairs camera and is made up of 240 images taken over a mid-latitude region over a 10-minute span. Each picture is shown as one camera frame.  

For reference, Athena captured the image sequence starting at 20 seconds over the Moon's south pole region near her intended landing site, Mons Mouton—one of NASA's designated human landing sites for the Artemis campaign.

00:00:00 Mid-latitude 

00:00:20 South Pole Region

Mission updates: https://bit.ly/3F0yRu9

The Intuitive Machines IM-2 mission lunar lander, named Athena, is carrying PRIME-1 and other NASA technology demonstrations and science investigations. Athena’s mission is designed to validate resource prospecting, mobility, and communications infrastructure in the Moon’s Mons Mouton region, one of nine potential Artemis III landing sites.

Commanded using Intuitive Machines’ commercial Lunar Data Network, IM-2 will be the Company’s second of four manifested lunar missions as part of NASA’s Commercial Lunar Payload Services (“CLPS”) initiative. Through the CLPS initiative and Artemis campaign, NASA is leveraging American companies to send scientific instruments and technology demonstrations to the Moon, advancing our understanding of the Moon and planetary processes, while paving the way for future crewed missions. 


Video Credit: Intuitive Machines
Duration: 37 seconds
Release Date: March 4, 2025

#NASA #Space #Astronomy #Science #Earth #Moon #SouthPole #MonsMouton #ArtemisProgram #IntuitiveMachines #IM2 #IM2Mission #IM2Spacecraft #AthenaLunarLander #CommercialSpace #CLPS #Robotics #SpaceTechnology #MSFC #GSFC #UnitedStates #STEM #Education #HD #Video

Monday, March 03, 2025

Athena Lunar Lander Moon Views | IM-2 Moon Mission | Intuitive Machines

Athena Lunar Lander Moon Views | IM-2 Moon Mission | Intuitive Machines





Intuitive Machines' lunar lander, named Athena, successfully entered her intended circular orbit around the Moon on March 3, 2025. Here are sample Moon views. Flight controllers expect Athena to complete 39 lunar orbits until her south pole region landing site has adequate sunlight to power surface operations. Intuitive Machines expects a landing opportunity on March 6, 2025, at 11:32 a.m. Central Standard Time (CST). Live landing coverage is scheduled to start at 10:30 a.m. CST/11:30 a.m. EST on the Intuitive Machines IM-2 mission page:

https://www.intuitivemachines.com/im-2

Follow mission updates: https://bit.ly/3F0yRu9

The Intuitive Machines IM-2 mission is carrying PRIME-1 and other NASA technology demonstrations and science investigations. Athena’s mission is designed to validate resource prospecting, mobility, and communications infrastructure in the Moon’s Mons Mouton region, one of nine potential Artemis III landing sites.

Commanded using Intuitive Machines’ commercial Lunar Data Network, IM-2 will be the Company’s second of four manifested lunar missions as part of NASA’s Commercial Lunar Payload Services (“CLPS”) initiative. Through the CLPS initiative and Artemis campaign, NASA is leveraging American companies to send scientific instruments and technology demonstrations to the Moon, advancing our understanding of the Moon and planetary processes, while paving the way for future crewed missions. 


Image Credit: Intuitive Machines
Release Date: Feb. 28, 2025

#NASA #Space #Astronomy #Science #Earth #Moon #ArtemisProgram #IntuitiveMachines #IM2 #IM2Mission #IM2Spacecraft #AthenaLunarLander #CommercialSpace #CLPS #Robotics #SpaceTechnology #MSFC #GSFC #UnitedStates #STEM #Education

NASA SPHEREx & PUNCH Astronomy Satellites: Falcon 9 Launch Preparations

NASA SPHEREx & PUNCH Astronomy Satellites: Falcon 9 Launch Preparations




Technicians and engineers encapsulate NASA’s SPHEREx (Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization and Ices Explorer) observatory and PUNCH (Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere) satellites within a protective payload fairing inside the Astrotech Space Operations facility at Vandenberg in California, on Thursday, Feb. 27, 2025. SPHEREx will use its telescope to provide an all-sky spectral survey, creating a 3D map of the entire sky to help scientists investigate the origins of our universe. PUNCH will study origins of the Sun’s outflow of material, or the solar wind, capturing continuous 3D images of the Sun’s corona and the solar wind’s journey into the solar system. Liftoff aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket is targeted for NET 10:09 EST (7:09 p.m. PST), Tuesday, March 4, 2025 at Vandenberg.

Learn more about the SPHEREx Mission:

Learn more about the PUNCH Mission:
https://science.nasa.gov/mission/punch/


Image Credit: BAE Sytems/Benjamin Fry
Image Date: Feb. 27, 2025

#NASA #Space #Astronomy #Science #Earth #SpaceX #Falcon9Rocket #Sun #Corona #SolarWind #Stars #Galaxies #3DMapping #SPHEREx #PUNCH #SpaceTelescopes #Cosmos #Universe #JPL #Caltech #BAESystems #STScI #Vandenburg #California #UnitedStates #STEM #Education

From Stairs to The Stars in Chile | European Southern Observatory

From Stairs to The Stars in Chile | European Southern Observatory

At the center of the image is the silhouette of a person standing on a tall viewing platform, at least five meters high and almost just as wide. It has a two-level staircase leading up to it. The dark foreground silhouette of stairs and platform contrasts with the night sky filled with stars, showing blue and green hues, and the cloudy, white Milky Way plane reaching across, diagonally. At the top right, two orange laser beams seem to come out of the galactic plane, going diagonally to the top of the image.

Apart from actually going to space, you probably will not feel much closer to the stars than at the top of the staircase at the European Southern Observatory’s Paranal Observatory shown in this picture. At 2,635 meters (plus twenty steps) above sea level in the Atacama Desert of Chile, you see a wealth of stars that remain hidden in other places, because Paranal boasts the darkest skies of all major observatories on Earth.

At first glance, the center of the Milky Way has turned itself into a dragon with a strange, orange tongue. However, the only thing sneaking up on you in this picture is the sheer beauty of the night sky.

This is just a normal night for the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope (VLT), which has its home in Paranal. The bright yellow beams are the VLT’s laser guide stars, shooting up from the telescope (to the right, but outside of the frame) into the sky. The laser beams create artificial stars high up in the atmosphere. The telescope’s adaptive optics system uses to make the sharpest possible observations of the cosmos, from the ground. The staircase is used for accessing the VLT’s smaller Auxiliary Telescopes from the outside, but they also provide amazing photo opportunities. With a view like this, it really feels like it is only a small step from the stairs to the stars.


Image Credit: F. Millour/ESO
Release Date: March 3, 2025


#NASA #ESO #Astronomy #Space #Science #Planet #Earth #MilkyWayGalaxy #SolarSystem #VLT #AdaptiveOptics #ParanalObservatory #Astrophotography #Astrophotographer #AtacamaDesert #Chile #Europe #STEM #Education

Planetary Defense: Near-Earth Asteroids Discovered to Date | March 2025 Update

Planetary Defense: Near-Earth Asteroids Discovered to Date | March 2025 Update

☄️ What do we know about the asteroids and comets in Earth's neighborhood? Planetary defense—finding, tracking, and characterizing these near-Earth objects—is part of our mission. 

Here is what we have found so far . . .

Learn more about Planetary Defense at NASA: 
https://www.nasa.gov/planetarydefense


Video Credit: NASA 360
Duration: 1 minute, 21 seconds
Release Date: March 3, 2025


#NASA #Space #Earth #Planet #PlanetaryDefense #March2025 #Asteroids #AsteroidBelt #Comets #NEO #NEA #SolarSystem #Science #SpaceTechnology #DARTMission #JHUAPL #JPL #Caltech #UnitedStates #STEM #Education #HD #Video

Oceans in Motion: Mesmerizing Views of Earth's Underwater Highways | NASA

Oceans in Motion: Mesmerizing Views of Earth's Underwater Highways | NASA

This data visualization showing ocean currents around the world uses data from NASA’s ECCO model, or Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean. The model pulls data from spacecraft, buoys, and other measurements.


Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center
Kathleen Gaeta Greer (GSFC AMA): Lead Producer
Josh Willis (NASA JPL): Lead Scientist
Greg Shirah (NASA GSFC): Lead Visualizer
Atousa Saberi (NASA GSFC): Visualizer
Duration: 5 minutes, 26 seconds
Release Date: March 3, 2025

#NASA #Space #Satellites #Science #Planet #Earth #Oceans #OceanCurrents #Weather #Meteorology #ECCOModel #ClimateChange #GlobalHeating #Climate #Environment #InSituMeasurements #GreenhouseGases #EarthObservation #RemoteSensing #GSFC #UnitedStates #STEM #Education #Visualization #HD #Video

Blue Ghost Mission 1: First Sunrise on The Moon | Firefly Aerospace

Blue Ghost Mission 1: First Sunrise on The Moon | Firefly Aerospace

Firefly Aerospace: "Rise and shine! Firefly’s Blue Ghost lander captured its first sunrise on the Moon, marking the beginning of the lunar day and the start of surface operations in its new home. Our GhostRiders have already begun operating many of the ten NASA payloads aboard the lander and will continue operations over the next two weeks and into the lunar night.

The Blue Ghost Mission 1 landed successfully at Mare Crisium, on the near side of the Moon, on March 2, 2025.

This is part of NASA’s Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) initiative and Artemis campaign to establish a long-term lunar presence. Blue Ghost is seeking to land in Mare Crisium to deliver ten NASA science instruments and technology demonstrations to the Moon. They will perform numerous science and technology demonstrations, including lunar subsurface drilling, sample collection, and X-ray imaging of Earth’s magnetic field to advance research for future human missions on the Moon and provide insights into how space weather impacts the planet. Mare Crisium is a lunar mare located in the Moon's Crisium basin, just northeast of Mare Tranquillitatis. It was formed by the flooding of basaltic lava that filled an ancient asteroid impact.


Image Credit: Firefly Aerospace
Capture Date: March 3, 2025

#NASA #Space #Astronomy #Science #Planet #Earth #ArtemisProgram #Moon #LunarLanders #FireflyAerospace #BlueGhostLunarLander #BlueGhostMission1 #BGM1 #UnitedStates #Robotics #Engineering #SpaceTechnology #SolarSystem #SpaceExploration #STEM #Education

Close-up: Spiral Galaxy NGC 5042 in Hydra | Hubble Space Telescope

Close-up: Spiral Galaxy NGC 5042 in Hydra | Hubble Space Telescope


This vibrant spiral galaxy and the subject of this NASA/European Space Agency Hubble Space Telescope picture is NGC 5042. It resides about 48 million light-years from Earth in the constellation Hydra (the water snake). The galaxy nicely fills the frame of this Hubble image with a single Milky Way star marked by cross-shaped diffraction spikes attempting to blend in with the bright stars along the galaxy’s edge.

Hubble observed NGC 5042 in six wavelength bands from the ultraviolet to the infrared to create this multicolored portrait. The galaxy’s cream-colored center is packed with ancient stars, and the galaxy’s spiral arms are decorated with patches of young blue stars. The elongated yellow-orange objects that are scattered around the image are background galaxies far more distant than NGC 5042.

Perhaps NGC 5042’s most striking feature is its collection of brilliant pink gas clouds that are studded throughout its spiral arms. These flashy clouds are called H II (pronounced “H-two”) regions, and they get their distinctive color from hydrogen atoms that have been ionized by ultraviolet light. If you look closely at this image, you will see that many of these reddish clouds are associated with clumps of blue stars, often appearing to form a shell around the stars. 

H II regions arise in expansive clouds of hydrogen gas, and only hot and massive stars produce enough high-energy light to create an H II region. Because the stars capable of creating H II regions only live for a few million years—just a blink of an eye in galactic terms—this image represents a fleeting snapshot of life in this galaxy.

Image Description: A spiral galaxy. It is noticeably bright around the central region of its disc, then dims somewhat out to the edge where there are fewer stars. Two spiral arms circle through the disc and emerge beyond its edge, around the galaxy’s sides. Many pink spots of new star formation, as well as dark reddish strands of dust, cover the galaxy. The arms contain speckled, blue patches containing hot stars.


Video Credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA, D. Thilker
Duration: 30 seconds
Release Date: March 3, 2025


#NASA #ESA #Astronomy #Space #Science #Hubble #Stars #Galaxies #Galaxy #NGC5042 #Hydra #Constellation #Cosmos #Universe #HubbleSpaceTelescope #HST #GSFC #STScI #UnitedStates #Europe #STEM #Education #HD #Video

Spiral Galaxy NGC 5042 in Hydra | Hubble Space Telescope

Spiral Galaxy NGC 5042 in Hydra | Hubble Space Telescope


This vibrant spiral galaxy and the subject of this NASA/European Space Agency Hubble Space Telescope picture is NGC 5042. It resides about 48 million light-years from Earth in the constellation Hydra (the water snake). The galaxy nicely fills the frame of this Hubble image with a single Milky Way star marked by cross-shaped diffraction spikes attempting to blend in with the bright stars along the galaxy’s edge.

Hubble observed NGC 5042 in six wavelength bands from the ultraviolet to the infrared to create this multicolored portrait. The galaxy’s cream-colored center is packed with ancient stars, and the galaxy’s spiral arms are decorated with patches of young blue stars. The elongated yellow-orange objects that are scattered around the image are background galaxies far more distant than NGC 5042.

Perhaps NGC 5042’s most striking feature is its collection of brilliant pink gas clouds that are studded throughout its spiral arms. These flashy clouds are called H II (pronounced “H-two”) regions, and they get their distinctive color from hydrogen atoms that have been ionized by ultraviolet light. If you look closely at this image, you will see that many of these reddish clouds are associated with clumps of blue stars, often appearing to form a shell around the stars. 

H II regions arise in expansive clouds of hydrogen gas, and only hot and massive stars produce enough high-energy light to create an H II region. Because the stars capable of creating H II regions only live for a few million years—just a blink of an eye in galactic terms—this image represents a fleeting snapshot of life in this galaxy.

Image Description: A spiral galaxy. It is noticeably bright around the central region of its disc, then dims somewhat out to the edge where there are fewer stars. Two spiral arms circle through the disc and emerge beyond its edge, around the galaxy’s sides. Many pink spots of new star formation, as well as dark reddish strands of dust, cover the galaxy. The arms contain speckled, blue patches containing hot stars.


Image Credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA, D. Thilker
Release Date: March 3, 2025


#NASA #ESA #Astronomy #Space #Science #Hubble #Stars #Galaxies #Galaxy #NGC5042 #Hydra #Constellation #Cosmos #Universe #HST #HubbleSpaceTelescope #GSFC #STScI #UnitedStates #Europe #STEM #Education

Sunday, March 02, 2025

Whorls of Sea Ice off Greenland | NASA Terra Earth Satellite

Whorls of Sea Ice off Greenland | NASA Terra Earth Satellite



This satellite image shows the southern part of Greenland covered with white snow and ice. To the right of the island, smooth, white swirls of sea ice top the ocean, bordered to the right by dark, nearly black areas of open water.

Greenland is an icy place year-round, but the winter months bring extra whorls of white. This satellite image, captured on February 24, 2025, shows the southern part of the island, from its snow-topped ice sheet and glaciers to the sea ice swirling along its coasts. The image was acquired by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA’s Terra satellite.

Seasonal snow gives the ice sheet a fresh white appearance. (Note that part of the ice sheet toward the south is covered by patchy clouds.) In contrast, melting in the summer months can expose dark-colored particles that have accumulated near the ice sheet’s perimeter, giving it a brown tinge.

The southeastern side of the island pictured here includes about 340 kilometers (210 miles) of the island’s coast. Like other parts of the island’s perimeter, it is lined with numerous fjords—narrow inlets through which glacial ice flows from the land into the ocean.

Just offshore, sea ice floats atop the water of the North Atlantic Ocean. According to Walt Meier, a sea ice scientist at the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC), much of this is young “drifting ice” that formed locally in the previous few days. A portion of it, he notes, could be older ice from the north that was carried south by the strong East Greenland Current.

The ice traces eddies formed by winds and ocean currents, giving the ice “wispy spiral patterns,” said Angela Bliss, a sea ice scientist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center. She notes that toward the east, the ice encounters the warmer waters of the West Spitsbergen Current. This prevents the ice from drifting even farther from the coast.

Still deep in the winter season, sea ice across the Arctic continues to grow. When this image was acquired, the sea ice extent along Greenland’s East Coast was about average. However, Arctic-wide, sea ice in late February was exceptionally low for the time of year due to a warm winter. Scientists like Meier and Bliss will continue to watch the sea ice growth until it reaches its annual maximum extent around early March.


Image Credit: NASA Earth Observatory image by Lauren Dauphin, MODIS data from NASA EOSDIS LANCE and GIBS/WorldviewTerra — MODIS
Article Credit: Kathryn Hansen
Capture Date: February 24, 2025
Release Date: February 26, 2025

#NASA #Space #Satellite #Science #ISS #Planet #Earth #Atmosphere #Weather #Meteorology #ClimateHeating #ClimateChange #NorthAtlanticOcean #Greenland #Grønland #Denmark #Danmark #SeaIce #TerraSatellite #MODIS #EarthObservingSystem #EarthObservation #RemoteSensing #Environment #UnitedStates #STEM #Education

SpaceX Starship Rollout for Eighth Flight Test | Starbase Texas

SpaceX Starship Rollout for Eighth Flight Test | Starbase Texas




A SpaceX Starship spacecraft is rolled to the launch pad at Starbase Texas on March 2, 2025, ahead of Starship's eighth flight test. Starship is preparing to launch as soon as Monday, March 3, 2025.

A live webcast of the flight test will begin about 40 minutes before liftoff. Watch here:
The launch window will open at 5:30 p.m. Central Time (CT). As is the case with all developmental testing, the schedule is dynamic and likely to change, so be sure to check in here and stay tuned for updates.

After completing the investigation into the loss of Starship early on its seventh flight test, several hardware and operational changes have been made to increase reliability of the upper stage. You can read the full summary of the mishap investigation here.

The upcoming flight will fly the same suborbital trajectory as previous missions and will target objectives not reached on the previous test, including Starship’s first payload deployment and multiple reentry experiments geared towards returning the upper stage to the launch site for catch. The flight also includes the launch, return, and catch of the Super Heavy booster.

Extensive upgrades to Starship’s upper stage debuted on the previous flight test, focused on adding reliability and performance across all phases of flight. Starship’s forward flaps have been upgraded to significantly reduce their exposure to reentry heating while simplifying the underlying mechanisms and protective tiling. Redesigns to the propulsion system, including a 25 percent increase in propellant volume over previous generations, add additional vehicle performance and the ability to fly longer duration missions. And the vehicle’s avionics underwent a complete redesign, adding additional capability and redundancy for increasingly complex missions like propellant transfer and ship return to the launch site.

During the flight test, Starship will deploy four Starlink simulators, similar in size to next-generation Starlink satellites, as the first exercise of a satellite deploy mission. The Starlink simulators will be on the same suborbital trajectory as Starship and are expected to demise upon entry. A relight of a single Raptor engine while in space is also planned.

The flight test includes several experiments focused on enabling Starship’s upper stage to return to the launch site. A significant number of tiles have been removed from Starship to stress-test vulnerable areas across the vehicle. Multiple metallic tile options, including one with active cooling, will test alternative materials for protecting Starship during reentry. On the sides of the vehicle, non-structural versions of Starship’s catch fittings are installed to test the fittings’ thermal performance, along with a section of the tile line receiving a smoothed and tapered edge to address hot spots observed during reentry on Starship’s sixth flight test. Starship’s reentry profile is designed to intentionally stress the structural limits of the upper stage’s rear flaps while at the point of maximum entry dynamic pressure. Finally, several radar sensors will once again be tested on the launch and catch tower’s chopsticks with the goal of increasing the accuracy when measuring distances between the chopsticks and a returning vehicle.

The Super Heavy booster for this flight features upgraded avionics, including a more powerful flight computer, improved power and network distribution, and integrated smart batteries.

Distinct vehicle and pad criteria must be met prior to the return and catch of the Super Heavy booster, requiring healthy systems on the booster and tower and a final manual command from the mission’s Flight Director. If this command is not sent prior to the completion of the boostback burn, or if automated health checks show unacceptable conditions with Super Heavy or the tower, the booster will default to a trajectory for a soft splashdown in the Gulf of America. We accept no compromises when it comes to ensuring the safety of the public and our team, and booster return will only take place if conditions are right.

The returning booster will slow down from supersonic speeds, resulting in audible sonic booms in the area around the landing zone. Generally, the only impact to those in the surrounding area of a sonic boom is the brief thunder-like noise with variables like weather and distance from the return site determining the magnitude experienced by observers.

Developmental testing by definition is unpredictable. But by putting flight hardware in a flight environment as frequently as possible, we’re able to quickly learn and execute design changes as we seek to bring Starship online as a fully and rapidly reusable vehicle.

SpaceX’s Starship spacecraft and Super Heavy rocket—collectively referred to as Starship—represent a fully reusable transportation system designed to carry both crew and cargo to Earth orbit, the Moon, Mars and beyond. Starship is the world’s most powerful launch vehicle ever developed, capable of carrying up to 150 metric tonnes fully reusable and 250 metric tonnes expendable.

Key Starship Parameters:
Height: 123m/403ft
Diameter: 9m/29.5ft
Payload to LEO: 100–150t (fully reusable)

"Starship is essential to both SpaceX’s plans to deploy its next-generation Starship system as well as for NASA, which will use a lunar lander version of Starship for landing astronauts on the Moon during the Artemis III mission through the Human Landing System (HLS) program."

Learn more about Starship:
Download the Free Starship User Guide (PDF):


Image Credit: Space Exploration Technologies Corporation (SpaceX)
Release Date: March 2, 2025

#NASA #SpaceX #Space #Earth #Mars #Moon #MoonToMars #ArtemisProgram #ArtemisIII #Starship #Spacecraft #Starship8 #TestFlight8 #SuperHeavyBooster #Mechazilla #SuperHeavyRocket #ElonMusk #Engineering #SpaceTechnology #HumanSpaceflight #CommercialSpace #SpaceExploration #Starbase #BocaChica #Texas #UnitedStates #STEM #Education

Mars Images: Feb. 28-March 1, 2025 | NASA's Curiosity & Perseverance Rove

Mars Images: Feb. 28-March 1, 2025 | NASA's Curiosity & Perseverance Rovers

MSL - sol 4466
MSL - sol 4466
MSL - sol 4466
MSL - sol 4466
Mars 2020 - sol 1431
Mars 2020 - sol 1431
Mars 2020 - sol 1431
MSL 4400 series

Celebrating 12+ Years on Mars (2012-2024)
Mission Name: Mars Science Laboratory (MSL)
Rover Name: Curiosity
Main Job: To determine if Mars was ever habitable to microbial life. 
Launch: Nov. 6, 2011
Landing Date: Aug. 5, 2012, Gale Crater, Mars

Celebrating 4+ Years on Mars
Mission Name: Mars 2020
Rover Name: Perseverance
Main Job: Seek signs of ancient life and collect samples of rock and regolith (broken rock and soil) for return to Earth.
Launch: July 30, 2020    
Landing: Feb. 18, 2021, Jezero Crater, Mars

For more information on NASA's Mars missions, visit: mars.nasa.gov

Image Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU/MSSS
Processing: Kevin M. Gill
Image Release Dates: Feb. 28-March 1, 2025

#NASA #Space #Astronomy #Science #Mars #RedPlanet #Planet #Astrobiology #Geology #CuriosityRover #MSL #MountSharp #GaleCrater #PerseveranceRover #Mars2020 #JezeroCrater #Robotics #SpaceTechnology #SpaceEngineering #MSSS #JPL #Caltech #UnitedStates #CitizenScience #KevinGill #STEM #Education

Shenzhou-19 Crew: Four Months of Space Experiments | China Space Station

Shenzhou-19 Crew: Four Months of Space Experiments | China Space Station

China's Shenzhou-19 astronauts aboard the country's Tiangong Space Station have now spent four months in orbit, successfully conducting a series of scientific experiments while maintaining good physical and mental health, according to China's Manned Space Agency (CMSA).

Over the past week, the Shenzhou-19 trio has made headway in space science experiments and tests, inboard equipment maintenance and health management.

In the field of space medicine, the crew utilized a Raman spectrometer to carry out in-orbit nutritional metabolomics research. Through analysis of metabolic components in urine samples, they reported findings that help refine the existing evaluation systems and establish a specialized methodology for monitoring astronauts' nutritional status throughout the mission.

To study the impact of the space environments on biological rhythms and sleep, the astronauts wore activity tracking devices and heart rate monitors to gather data. The results are expected to offer key insights into sleep-wake cycles, heart rate variations and sleep quality under long-term spaceflight conditions.

To observe astronauts' psychological and behavioral performance, the crew completed in-orbit emotional state tests and emergency decision-making assessments. These efforts will shed more light on the impact of long-duration spaceflight on emotional well-being and decision-making capabilities.

In addition, the astronauts successfully conducted experiments in space materials science and microgravity combustion science, and replaced experiment samples in the container-free lab cabinet, among other tasks.

Last week, the crew completed a comprehensive inventory count of space station supplies, including clothing, work materials, medicine and medical monitoring consumables. They also tested recreational equipment while conducting routine inspections and maintenance of the station's regenerative life support systems.

To ensure wellness and good health during their mission, the astronauts underwent routine medical checkups and lung function tests as scheduled. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnostic instruments including TCM four-diagnostic auxiliary apparatus and bone density scanner were also applied for health assessments.

They also engaged in regular exercises using specialized equipment, including a space treadmill, wrist exerciser and grip trainer to counter bone and muscle loss in microgravity.

The Shenzhou-19 crew, including the country's first female space engineer, was sent into space on October 30, 2024 for a six-month mission. It includes 86 space science research and technology experiments, as announced by CMSA prior to the launch.

Shenzhou-19 Crew:
Commander Cai Xuzhe (蔡旭哲)
Mission Specialist Wang Haoze (王浩泽)
Mission Specialist Song Lingdong (宋令东)

Video Credit: CCTV
Duration: 2 minutes
Release Date: March 2, 2025

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Blue Ghost Mission 1: Post-Landing Moon Surface Images | Firefly Aerospace

Blue Ghost Mission 1: Post-Landing Moon Surface Images | Firefly Aerospace

Blue Ghost Mission 1 lander’s shadow can be seen on the Moon’s surface. Planet Earth is visible on the horizon.

Image shows the Moon's surface and Earth on the horizon. Blue Ghost's solar panel, X-band antenna (left), and LEXI payload (right) are also in view.

Firefly Aerospace's Blue Ghost Mission 1 landed successfully at Mare Crisium, on the near side of the Moon, on March 2, 2025, at 03:35am Eastern Standard Time (08:35 UTC). Here are two new images taken soon after landing.

This is part of NASA’s Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) initiative and Artemis campaign to establish a long-term lunar presence. Blue Ghost is seeking to land in Mare Crisium to deliver ten NASA science instruments and technology demonstrations to the Moon. They will perform numerous science and technology demonstrations, including lunar subsurface drilling, sample collection, and X-ray imaging of Earth’s magnetic field to advance research for future human missions on the Moon and provide insights into how space weather impacts the planet. Mare Crisium is a lunar mare located in the Moon's Crisium basin, just northeast of Mare Tranquillitatis. It was formed by the flooding of basaltic lava that filled an ancient asteroid impact.


Image Credit: Firefly Aerospace
Capture Date: March 2, 2025

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