Dark Nebula LDN 1519 in Auriga
Release Date: Nov. 30, 2024
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Dark Nebula LDN 1519 in Auriga
How Earth radar satellites are used to help humanity | European Space Agency
Radar allows us to see through what would otherwise be invisible. By sending out radio waves that bounce off objects and return as echoes, radar creates a detailed picture of our surrounding world.
This technology is everywhere—from guiding air traffic and enabling self-driving cars to tracking the movements of athletes. However, its reach does not stop there—radar is also transforming how we observe Earth from space.
Satellites like Europe's Copernicus Sentinel-1 Mission use radar to see through clouds, darkness and any weather conditions. This capability is valuable for detecting subtle changes on Earth’s surface—changes that are often hidden from the human eye. Discover how radar technology is helping us unlock these hidden insights about our planet.
Learn more about the European Space Agency's Copernicus Earth Observation Programme:
https://sentinel.esa.int/web/sentinel/copernicus/
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NASA Lunabotics Student Challenge: May 2025 | Kennedy Space Center
Lunabotics provides accredited institutions of higher learning students an opportunity to apply the NASA systems engineering process to design and build a prototype Lunar construction robot. This robot would be capable of performing the proposed operations on the Lunar surface in support of future Artemis Campaign goals.
Event Dates: May 20-22, 2025
Event Location: NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida
Eligibility: Open to U.S. Students
Grade Levels: Vocational/Technical Schools, Colleges/Universities
Learn more: https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/lunabotics-challenge/
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How are astronomical illustrations made? | European Southern Observatory
You have probably seen artist’s illustrations of the cosmos, but how are they made, and why? Besides stunning images, telescopes also capture more complex data that can be hard to interpret by non-astronomers.
In this episode of Chasing Starlight, we show you how astronomers, artists and communicators work together to translate astronomical data into visuals that are both stunning and scientifically accurate.
00:00 Why do we make illustrations?
01:19 Turning 2D images into 3D
02:35 Exoplanets
03:23 Spectra - what do they tell us?
05:02 Planet-forming discs
06:32 Quiz time!
Video Credit: European Southern Observatory (ESO)
Duration: 7 minutes, 30 seconds
Release Date: Nov. 29, 2024
#NASA #ESO #Space #Astronomy #Science #Stars #Planets #Exoplanets #CircumstellarMaterial #ProtoplanetaryDiscs #Nebulae #Galaxies #MilkyWayGalaxy #Astrophysics #Cosmos #Universe #VLT #Telescopes #LightSpectrum #Spectra #AstronomicalImages #VisualRepresentations #Chile #ChasingStarlight #Art #Illustration #Artists #ArtistConcepts #STEM #Education #HD #Video
Journey to The Atmospheric Flames of Red Supergiant Star Betelgeuse | ESO
Using the VISIR instrument on the European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope (VLT), astronomers have imaged a complex and bright nebula around the supergiant star Betelgeuse in greater detail than before. This structure, that resembles flames emanating from the star, is formed as the behemoth sheds its material into space.
Betelgeuse, a red supergiant in the constellation of Orion, is one of the brightest stars in the night sky. It is also one of the biggest, being almost the size of the orbit of Jupiter—about four and half times the diameter of the Earth’s orbit. The VLT image shows the surrounding nebula, which is much bigger than the supergiant itself, stretching 60 billion kilometers away from the star's surface—about 400 times the distance of the Earth from the Sun.
Red supergiants like Betelgeuse represent one of the last stages in the life of a massive star. In this short-lived phase, the star increases in size, and expels material into space at a tremendous rate — it sheds immense quantities of material (about the mass of the Sun) in just 10,000 years.
The process of shedding material from a star like Betelgeuse involves two phenomena. The first is the formation of huge plumes of gas (although much smaller than the nebula now imaged) extending into space from the star’s surface, previously detected using the NACO instrument on the VLT. The other, behind the ejection of the plumes, is the vigorous up and down movement of giant bubbles in Betelgeuse’s atmosphere—like boiling water circulating in a pot.
The results show that the plumes seen close to the star are probably connected to structures in the outer nebula now imaged in the infrared with VISIR. The nebula cannot be seen in visible light, as the very bright Betelgeuse completely outshines it. The irregular, asymmetric shape of the material indicates that the star did not eject its material in a symmetric way. The bubbles of stellar material and the giant plumes they originate may be responsible for the clumpy look of the nebula.
The material visible in the image is most likely made of silicate and alumina dust. This is the same material that forms most of the crust of the Earth and other rocky planets. At some time in the distant past, the silicates of the Earth were formed by a massive (and now extinct) star similar to Betelgeuse.
NACO is a VLT instrument that combines the Nasmyth Adaptive Optics System (NAOS) and the Near-infrared Imager and Spectrograph (CONICA). It provides adaptive optics assisted imaging, imaging polarimetry, coronography and spectroscopy, at near-infrared wavelengths.
#NASA #ESO #Astronomy #Space #Science #Star #Betelgeuse #AlphaOrionis #Atmosphere #RedSupergiant #Orion #Constellation #MilkyWayGalaxy #Cosmos #Universe #VLT #NACO #Chile #Europe #GSFC #STSc #DSS2 #UnitedStates #STEM #Education #HD #Video
Red Supergiant Star Betelgeuse: First Direct Image of Another Star's Atmosphere
The Hubble image also reveals a huge ultraviolet atmosphere with a mysterious hot spot on the stellar behemoth's surface. The enormous bright spot, which is many hundreds times the diameter of Sun, is at least 2,000 Kelvin degrees hotter than the surface of the star.
#NASA #Hubble #ESO #Astronomy #Space #Science #Star #Betelgeuse #AlphaOrionis #Atmosphere #RedSupergiant #Orion #Constellation #MilkyWayGalaxy #Cosmos #Universe #HubbleSpaceTelescope #HST #Chile #Europe #GSFC #STSc #DSS2 #UnitedStates #Infographic #STEM #Education
The Meteor and The Comet
Image Description: A star-filled sky has two streaks in the foreground. A green and red streak toward the lower left was created by an ablating meteor, while the blue and white streak on the upper right is the coma and tail of a comet.
C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan–ATLAS) is a comet from the solar system's Oort cloud discovered by the Purple Mountain Observatory east of Nanjing, China, on January 9, 2023, and independently found by the automated Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) in South Africa on February 22, 2023. ATLAS is funded by NASA's planetary defense office, and developed and operated by the University of Hawaii's Institute for Astronomy. C/2023 A3 passed perihelion (closest approach to the Sun) at a distance of 0.39 AU (58 million km; 36 million miles) on September 27, 2024.
The Oort cloud is theorized to be a vast cloud of icy planetesimals surrounding the Sun at distances ranging from 2,000 to 200,000 AU (0.03 to 3.2 light-years).
Happy Thanksgiving Message from NASA Astronauts | International Space Station
Happy Thanksgiving from our crew to yours!🦃
The four NASA astronauts sent down an American Thanksgiving message video highlighting their upcoming meal and expressing their gratitude for their families and living and working in space on Wednesday, November 27, 2024. The quartet along with the three Roscosmos cosmonauts aboard the space station took the day off on Thursday, November 28, enjoying a hearty meal, talking to family members on the ground, and relaxing aboard the orbital outpost.
We hope you enjoyed these stories and photographs from Thanksgivings celebrated in space. We would like to wish everyone here on the ground and the seven-member crew of Expedition 72 aboard the space station a very Happy Thanksgiving! For NASA astronauts Barry “Butch” E. Wilmore and Donald R. Pettit, this will mark the third time they celebrate the holiday in space.
An international partnership of space agencies provides and operates the elements of the International Space Station (ISS). The principals are the space agencies of the United States, Russia, Europe, Japan, and Canada.
Thanksgiving Celebrations in Space (1973-2024)
The four NASA astronauts of Expedition 72 aboard the International Space Station sent down an American Thanksgiving message video highlighting their upcoming meal and expressing their gratitude for their families and living and working in space on Wednesday, November 27, 2024. The quartet along with the three Roscosmos cosmonauts aboard the space station took the day off on Thursday, November 28, enjoying a hearty meal, talking to family members on the ground, and relaxing aboard the orbital outpost.
We hope you enjoyed these stories and photographs from Thanksgivings celebrated in space. We would like to wish everyone here on the ground and the seven-member crew of Expedition 72 aboard the space station a very Happy Thanksgiving! For NASA astronauts Barry “Butch” E. Wilmore and Donald R. Pettit, this will mark the third time they celebrate the holiday in space.
Over the past decades, astronauts have celebrated the holiday during their time in space in a variety of unique ways. Enjoy the stories and photographs from orbital Thanksgiving celebrations over the years.
Twelve years passed before the next orbital Thanksgiving celebration. On Nov. 28, 1985, the seven-member crew of STS-61B, NASA astronauts Brewster H. Shaw, Bryan D. O’Connor, Jerry L. Ross, Mary L. Cleave, and Sherwood C. “Woody” Spring, and payload specialists Charles D. Walker from the United States and Rodolfo Neri Vela from Mexico, feasted on shrimp cocktail, irradiated turkey, and cranberry sauce aboard the space shuttle Atlantis.
In 1996, Blaha celebrated his second Thanksgiving in space with Russian cosmonauts Valeri G. Korzun and Aleksandr Y. Kaleri aboard the space station Mir. Blaha watched the beautiful Earth through the Mir windows rather than his usual viewing fare of football. The STS-80 crew of NASA astronauts Kenneth D. Cockrell, Kent V. Rominger, Tamara E. Jernigan, Thomas D. Jones, and Musgrave, now on his third turkey day holiday in orbit, celebrated Thanksgiving aboard space shuttle Columbia. Although the eight crew members worked in different spacecraft in different orbits, they exchanged holiday greetings via space-to-space radio. This marked the largest number of people in space on Thanksgiving Day up to that time.
One year later, NASA astronaut David A. Wolf celebrated Thanksgiving with his Russian crewmates Anatoli Y. Solovev, who translated the holiday into Russian as den blagodarenia, and Pavel V. Vinogradov aboard the Soviet/Russian space station, Mir. The word Mir in Russian means 'peace' or 'world'. The crew enjoyed smoked turkey, freeze-dried mashed potatoes, peas, and milk. Also in orbit at the time was the crew of STS-87, NASA astronauts Kevin R. Kregel, Steven W. Lindsey, Kalpana Chawla, and Winston E. Scott, Takao Doi of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), and Leonid K. Kadenyuk of Ukraine, aboard Columbia. The nine crew members aboard the two spacecraft broke the one-year-old record for the largest number of people in space at one time for Thanksgiving, also setting the record for the most nations represented, four.
NASA astronaut Frank L. Culbertson, left, and Vladimir N. Dezhurov of Roscosmos enjoy Thanksgiving dinner aboard the International Space Station in 2001.
In 2001, Expedition 3 crew members NASA astronaut Frank L. Culbertson, and Vladimir N. Dezhurov and Mikhail V. Tyurin of Roscosmos enjoyed the first real Thanksgiving aboard the space station, complete with a cardboard turkey as decoration. The following year’s orbital Thanksgiving celebration included the largest number of people to that time, the combined 10 crewmembers of Expedition 5, STS-113, and Expedition 6. After a busy day that included the first Thanksgiving Day spacewalk from the space station, the crews settled down to a dinner of smoked turkey, mashed potatoes, and green beans with mushrooms. Blueberry-cherry cobbler rounded out the meal.
The crews of Expeditions 18 and STS-126 share a Thanksgiving meal in the space shuttle middeck in 2008.
Expedition 18 crew members NASA astronauts E. Michael Fincke and Gregory E. Chamitoff and Yuri V. Lonchakov representing Roscosmos, welcomed the STS-126 crew of NASA astronauts Christopher J. Ferguson, Eric A. Boe, Heidemarie M. Stefanyshyn-Piper, Donald R. Pettit, Stephen G. Bowen, R. Shane Kimbrough, and Sandra H. Magnus during Thanksgiving in 2008. They dined in the space shuttle Endeavour’s middeck on smoked turkey, candied yams, green beans and mushrooms, cornbread dressing and a cranapple dessert.
The following year saw the largest and an internationally diverse group celebrating Thanksgiving in space. The six Expedition 21 crew members, NASA astronauts Jeffrey N. Williams and Nicole P. Stott, Roman Y. Romanenko and Maksim V. Suraev of Roscosmos, Frank L. DeWinne of the European Space Agency, and Robert B. Thirsk of the Canadian Space Agency hosted the six members of the STS-129 crew, NASA astronauts Charles O. Hobaugh, Barry E. Wilmore, Michael J. Foreman, Robert L. Satcher, Randolph J. Bresnik, and Leland D. Melvin. The twelve assembled crew members represented the United States, Russia, Belgium, and Canada. The celebration took place two days early, since the shuttle undocked from the space station on Thanksgiving Day.
Caught in a Stellar Dust Trap: New Planet Carves Way Through Parent Star's Disc
The region between the ring and crescent, visible as a dark strip, is thought to be caused by a young planet carving its way through the disc. As the planet orbits around its parent star, its motion creates areas of high pressure on either side of its path, similar to how a ship creates bow waves as it cuts through water. These areas of high pressure could become protective barriers around sites of planet formation; dust particles are trapped within them for millions of years, allowing them the time and space to clump together and grow.
The exquisite resolution of ALMA allows astronomers to study the intricate structure of such a dust trapping vortex for the first time. The image reveals not only the crescent-shaped dust trap at the outer edge of the dark strip, but also regions of excess dust within the ring, possibly indicating a second dust trap that formed inside of the potential planet’s orbit. This confirms the predictions of earlier computer simulations.
Dust trapping is one potential solution to a major stumbling block in current theories of how planets form. This theory predicts that particles should drift into the central star and be destroyed before they have time to grow to planetesimal sizes (the radial drift problem).
Proplyd Atlas of The Orion Nebula | Hubble Space Telescope
Sample Regions of The Orion Nebula | European Southern Observatory
The Orion Nebula (Messier 42) is 1,500 light-years away. It is the nearest star-forming region to Earth within our Milky Way Galaxy. The Orion Nebula is estimated to be 24 light-years across. This nebula has revealed much about the process of how stars and planetary systems are formed from collapsing clouds of gas and dust. Astronomers have directly observed protoplanetary disks and brown dwarfs within the nebula, intense and turbulent motions of the gas, and the photo-ionizing effects of massive nearby stars in the nebula.
NASA's SpaceX Crew-10 Preparing for 2025 Launch | International Space Station
#NASA #Space #ISS #Science #SpaceXCrew10 #SpaceX #CrewDragonSpacecraft #Falcon9Rocket #Astronauts #AnneMcClain #Crew10MissionCommander #NicholeAyers #TakuyaOnishi #Japan #日本 #Cosmonaut #KirillPeskov #Russia #Россия #Roscosmos #Роскосмос #HumanSpaceflight #InternationalCooperation #CCP #Expedition72 #Expedition73 #JSC #Hawthorne #California #UnitedStates #STEM #Education
Martian Landscapes: November 2024 | NASA's Curiosity & Perseverance Rovers
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Celebrating 12+ Years on Mars (2012-2024)
Celebrating 3+ Years on Mars
Blue Ghost's Journey to The Moon | Firefly Aerospace | NASA CLPS Program
Firefly’s first Blue Ghost mission, named Ghost Riders in the Sky, will deliver 10 scientific instruments and technology demonstrations to the lunar surface as part of NASA’s Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) initiative. Upon launching in mid-January 2025, Blue Ghost will spend approximately 45 days in transit to the Moon, allowing ample time to conduct health checks on each subsystem and begin payload science. Blue Ghost will then land in Mare Crisium and operate payloads for a complete lunar day (about 14 Earth days). Following payload operations, Blue Ghost will capture imagery of the lunar sunset and provide critical data on how lunar regolith reacts to solar influences during lunar dusk conditions. The lander will then operate for several hours into the lunar night.
For more information on Blue Ghost mission visit: https://fireflyspace.com/missions/blue-ghost-mission-1/
Firefly's Blue Ghost mission will land near a volcanic feature called Mons Latreille within Mare Crisium, a more than 300-mile-wide basin located in the northeast quadrant of the lunar near side. The mission will carry NASA investigations and first-of-their-kind technology demonstrations to further our understanding of the Moon’s environment and help prepare for future human missions to the lunar surface, as part of the agency’s Moon to Mars exploration approach.
It includes payloads testing lunar subsurface drilling, regolith sample collection, global navigation satellite system abilities, radiation tolerant computing, and lunar dust mitigation. The data captured also benefits humanity by providing insights into how space weather and other cosmic forces impact Earth.
Under the CLPS model, NASA is investing in commercial delivery services to the Moon to enable industry growth and support long-term lunar exploration. As a primary customer for CLPS deliveries, NASA aims to be one of many customers on future flights.
As part of its Artemis campaign, NASA is working with multiple U.S. companies to deliver science and technology to the lunar surface. These companies are eligible to bid on task orders to deliver NASA payloads to the Moon. The task order includes payload integration and operations and launching from Earth and landing on the surface of the Moon. Existing CLPS contracts are indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity contracts with a cumulative maximum contract value of $2.6 billion through 2028.
Galaxy NGC 2090 in Visible/UV vs. Infrared Light | Hubble & Webb Telescope Views
This was one of the group of galaxies studied early on by the NASA/European Space Agency Hubble Space Telescope, observing Cepheid variable stars in it as part of refining the measurement of the Hubble constant. The Cepheid-based measurement from that study in 1998 put NGC 2090 as 37 million light-years away; the newest measurements have NGC 2090 slightly farther away, at 40 million light-years. Hubble is to this day surveying galaxies in visible and ultraviolet (UV) light.
Before and since that project, NGC 2090 has been well studied as a very prominent nearby example of star formation. It has been described as a flocculent spiral, meaning a spiral galaxy with a patchy, dusty disc and arms that are flaky or not visible at all. Visible-light images show this well, but the near-infrared data from NIRCam used in this image reveal the spiral arms with remarkable clarity. NIRCam also picks up bright light from stars, displayed by the blue colors most visible in the center. Meanwhile, mid-infrared light emitted mainly by the important carbon-based compounds known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons along the many strands of gas and dust is captured by MIRI and shown here in red.
These data on NGC 2090 were collected as part of an observing program (#3707) taking a census of nearby massive, star-forming galaxies much like it. These galaxies are at just the right distance, with the right size and level of activity, that Webb’s instruments can capture a comprehensive picture of the star-forming activity, including the tightly-bound clusters that stars often form in, and the clouds of gas in the galaxy where stars can be born. The rich collection of detailed images like this one will be of value to astronomers studying this area for years to come.